“Plant a tree now if you want to sit under a shade in your old age.”

In so many words, yes. As the days get shorter and the temperatures drop, many houseplants go dormant. This is a natural process that helps plants conserve energy during the winter months. While dormant plants may not look as lush and green as they do during the growing season, they are still alive and will resume growth when spring arrives. Remember that one episode of Sponebob when Sandy went into hibernation? She might’ve been asleep, but still took care of Pinhead Larry and Dirty Dan when they messed with her. Plants are the same way! Overwater and they’ll thank you by slowly dying off. Let’s jump into this week’s blog post to make sure this doesn’t happen to you. 

Signs of Dormancy

• Slowed growth: During dormancy, plants typically experience a significant decrease in growth rate. They may produce new leaves or stems very slowly, or they may stop growing altogether. This is a natural response to the reduced availability of water and nutrients during the dormant season.

• Yellowing or dropping leaves: Many plants will drop their leaves or produce yellow leaves during dormancy. This is because the leaves are no longer able to photosynthesize efficiently due to the reduced light levels and cooler temperatures. The plant is conserving energy by shedding its leaves.

• Lowered water needs: Dormant plants need less water than they do during the growing season. This is because they are not actively growing and do not require as much water to maintain their cells. However, it is still important to water dormant plants occasionally to prevent them from drying out completely.

• Reduced light requirements: Dormant plants can tolerate lower light levels than they do during the growing season. This is because they are not actively photosynthesizing and do not need as much light to produce food. However, it is still important to provide dormant plants with some light to help them maintain their health.

By understanding the signs of dormancy in plants, you can provide them with the care they need to survive the winter months and thrive when spring arrives.

Caring for Dormant Houseplants

Reduce watering:

During dormancy, plants slow down their growth and require less water. Water your dormant plants only when the soil is dry to the touch. Overwatering can lead to root rot and other issues. It's better to err on the side of underwatering than overwatering.

Provide less light:

Dormant plants can tolerate lower light levels than they do during the growing season. Move your plants to a shadier spot in your home or office, or consider using artificial lighting. Avoid placing your plants in direct sunlight, as this can cause the leaves to scorch.

Do not fertilize:

Fertilizing dormant plants can actually harm them. Fertilizers provide nutrients that the plant cannot use during dormancy and can lead to a build-up of salts in the soil. Wait until your plant starts showing signs of new growth before resuming fertilization.

Keep the temperature cool:

Dormant plants prefer cool temperatures, typically between 40-50°F (4-10°C). Keep your plants away from heat sources, such as radiators and fireplaces, and avoid exposing them to extreme temperature fluctuations. A cool, dark environment is ideal for most dormant plants.

Prune judiciously:

While major pruning should be avoided during dormancy, light pruning to remove dead or diseased branches can be beneficial. This will help improve air circulation and reduce the risk of fungal diseases.

Check for pests and diseases:

Dormant plants are more susceptible to pests and diseases due to their weakened state. Regularly inspect your plants for signs of trouble and treat any issues promptly. Early detection and treatment can prevent the spread of pests and diseases and minimize damage to your plants.

By following these tips, you can help your dormant plants survive the winter months and emerge healthy and vigorous in the spring.

When to Resume Normal Care

As the winter transitions into spring, nature awakens from its slumber, and it's time to revive your indoor garden. As the days begin to lengthen and temperatures rise, your houseplants can gradually resume their normal care routine. Here's a guide to help you transition your houseplants to the warmer months:

Adjust Watering Schedule:

Start by gradually increasing the frequency and amount of water you give your plants. During winter, they require less water due to reduced growth and lower temperatures. As the days get longer and warmer, their water needs increase. Check the soil moisture regularly and water when the top inch of the soil is dry to the touch.

Increase Light Exposure:

After the diminished light of winter, your houseplants will appreciate a gradual increase in light exposure. Slowly move them closer to windows or outdoor areas to acclimate them to the brighter conditions. Be mindful not to expose them to direct, intense sunlight, as it can scorch their leaves. Rotate pots regularly to ensure even light distribution.

Start Fertilizing:

With the arrival of spring, your houseplants are ready to resume their growth cycle. Begin fertilizing them again to provide essential nutrients for healthy growth and development. Use a balanced, diluted fertilizer according to the package instructions. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can lead to nutrient burn and damage.

Groom and Repot:

Spring is an excellent time to assess the health of your plants. Remove any dead or yellowing leaves and prune overgrown stems to encourage bushier growth. If roots are growing out of the drainage holes or the soil has become compacted, consider repotting your plants into slightly larger containers with fresh, well-draining potting mix.

By following these steps, you can help your houseplants thrive during the transition from winter to spring. With a little extra care and attention, they will reward you with vibrant growth and renewed beauty throughout the warmer months.

As advocates of green living, we at The ZEN Succulent would love to hear your stories about how indoor plants have influenced your life. Share your experiences in the comments below or tag us on social media with your indoor garden photos. Let’s spread the word about the healing power of plants.